中国人轻松学英语常用语法(5)
第五章 未来式
5§1 未来式的基本规则
如果我们在句子中，有需要提到未来的事情，就可以使用未来式，举例来说，以下的句子都用未来式。
I will go to America tomorrow.
He will dance tonight.
Peter will finish his work next month.
如果不用〝will〞，我们可以用〝verb to be +going to+ verb〞，will+动词原形如果我们如此做，以上的三个句子就变成了以下的句子
I am going to go to America tomorrow.
He is going to dance tonight.
Peter is going to finish his work next month.
以下是一些未来式的例子：
1. I will call you tonight.
I am going to call you tonight.
2. He will graduate next June.
He is going to graduate next June.
3. Mr. Lee will teach us English soon.
Mr. Lee is going to teach us English soon.
4. He will help you.
He is going to help you.
5. The war will break out soon.
The war is going to break out soon.
6. It will rain tonight.
It is going to rain tonight.
有一个规则必须注意，就是will是一个助动词，现在式第三人称单数的主词，仍不用在will后面加s。
不仅如此，will后面的动词必须用成原式，如果用verb to be +going to+ verb这里面的verb也必须用原式。
因为这里面的to式infinitive，infinitive里面永远要用原型动词。
以下例子都是错的
1.＊He wills go to school.
2.＊He will goes to school.
3.＊They will went to work tomorrow.
4.＊Tom is going to saw me tonight.
5.＊Peter is going to working next month.
未来式常和别的句子用在一起，以下是典型的例子
1. When you come tomorrow, I will already be in Taipei.
2. After I graduate, I am going to be a good doctor in Africa.
3. Before I leave tomorrow, I will finish my work.
4. After the war is over, every one will be happy.
5. I will go to a concert after my classes are over.
6. I will eat lunch as soon as I have time.
但千万不可写出以下错误的句子：
＊When you will come tomorrow, I will already be in Taipei.
＊After the war will be over, every one will be happy.
＊I will eat lunch as soon as I will have time.
【练习十八】
将以下的中文句子翻成英文句子，用will或to be going to：
1. 我明天要上教堂（go to church）。
2. 他下周一要和我见面。
3. 他明天要整理这个房间（clean this room）。
4. 我明天吃晚饭后要去台北。
5. 我明天晚上回家以后，就打电话给你。
6. 我毕业以后会去念法律。
7. 明天你走以后，我要看电视.。
8. 明天我会去台南。
9. 今天晚上我要写一封信给你。
10. 今晚，我要等我的哥哥。
【练习十九】
填充：
1.I(be) in America next year, after I(graduate).
2.I(explain) this to you tonight after I(read) the report.
3.I(see) you tonight.
4.As soon as you(come) to see me, I(give) you my book.
5.When you(arrive) in New York tomorrow, Tom(be) in the airport to meet you.
6.I(go) to church after the rain stops.
7.I(watch) the new TV program after you(leave).
8.When you(get) here tomorrow, everyone(wait) for you.
9.I(get) a job as soon as I get out of college.
10. He________ (have) dinner very late tomorrow.
11. I________ (quit) my present job, after I________ (find) a better one.
5§2 未来式的变形
未来式可以和进行式合起来用，以下是未来进行式的例子
I will be watching TV tomorrow at eight.
He will be eating a big dinner after he gets out of the hospital.
I will be studying mathematics at home when you come.
Two days later, I will be driving a new car.
未来式可以和完成式合在一起用，而成为未来完成式，这种句子都是在于强调未来要完成的事。举例来说，”我明天六点以前，我会完成这工作了”，就可以用未来完成式：
I will have finished this work by six o’clock tomorrow.
以下是一些未来完成式的例子
By the time he arrives at the station, the train will have left.
We will have had three meetings before six o’clock tonight.
He will have written six novels next summer.
【练习二十】
填充：（用未来进行式或未来完成式）
1.I(watch) the baseball game tomorrow night.
2.He(finish) the report when you arrive at his home.
3.I(wash) my car tonight when my mother comes.
4.They(play) their violins when the clock strikes twelve.
5.He(complete) writing this program before ten o’clock tonight.
6.He(be) the president for three years next May.
7.I(wash) my car when you come tonight.
8.I(read) this report before six o’clock tomorrow evening.
9.Peter(dance) in the streets if Mr. Robertson is elected president.
10. I(drive) four hundred miles tomorrow.
【练习二十一】
将以下中文句子译成英文
1. 彼得生于1965年，他从小就喜欢音乐，自从1975年起，他就一直在练习小提琴。现在他是一个很好的小提琴家。
2. 我的哥哥明天会来看我，他来的时候，我会在家里看电视。我喜欢看有关医院的节目。
3. 在我小的时候我常常喜欢打篮球，现在我不打篮球了，因为我曾有一次车祸（car accident）。
4. 我现在在打电话给我的母亲，我的母亲现在88岁，他在台北已经住了60年。
5. 在我去美国以前，我曾经去过英国，当我在英国的时候，我碰见了一个美丽的女孩子，他后来成为我的太太。
【练习二十二】
填充
1.I(watching) TV now. I(watch) TV every day.
2.He(have) a big dinner before we arrived last night. It(be) a good meal. He seldom(eat) so much.
3.He(work) on this novel for a very long time. By the time he(finish) it, he(written) six novels.
4.I (be) to America several times. I (go) to America again next year.
5.I(live) in Taipei when I was a child. When I was six years old, I(move) to Taiwan and(live) there ever since.
6.He(be) an honest person all his life. That is why so many people(like) him.
7.It(be) my birthday tomorrow. Yet I(have) a test the day after tomorrow. So I(study) in the library tomorrow night.
8.He(be) a strong kid when he was young. Now although he(be) seventy years old, he(be) still quite healthy.
9.I(have) this car for nine years. I(sell) it and(buy) a new one next year.
10. He(take) a bath every morning. Today, since he(get) up very late, he(go) to school directly without taking a bath.
