一、现在完成进行时

构成：由“have /has been +现在分词”构成。

用法：表示从过去某个时候开始一直延续到现在的动作。强调现在依然在进行，并还可能继续延续下去。如：

The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中国人造纸有2000年了。(2000年前中国人开始造纸，现在中国人还在造纸)

注：有的动词用现在完成时或现在完成进行时没什么差别。如：

We’ve been living here since 1 990.

We’ve lived here since 1990. 从1990年起我们就在这里住了。

但有些静态动词只能用于现在完成时，一般不能用于完成进行时。如：

I’ve known him for many years. 我认识他有许多年了。

二、过去完成进行时

构成：由“had been +现在分词”构成。

用法：表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到另外一个过去时间的动作，这个动作在当时仍在进行并可能继续延续下去。如：

He was out of breath. He had been running. 他气喘吁吁，他一直在跑着。

Up till then she had been living with her son. 到那时为止她一直和她儿子一起住。

He gave up smoking last year. He’d been smoking for thirty years. 去年他戒烟了。他抽烟已经30年。

He was very tired. He had been working all day. 他很累。他干了一整天活。

I heard you’d been looking for me. 我听说你一直在找我。