far,by far
作程度副词时,far和by far近义;far表示“很”、“极”、“大大地”(much)或“太/过于”(too much)的意思,by far是“最为…/更为…”的意思。二者使用时有下列两点需要注意:
(一)far经常用在形容词比较级之前,而by far一般多用在最高级之前,例:
It is far colder today than yesterday.
今天的天气比昨天冷得多。
Among these five gadgets,this one is by far the most useful.
在这五个新玩意儿中,这个最为有用。
This is by far the better method.
这方法比另一个更完善得多。
(二)使用by far时,随后的形容词最高级及比较级都附有定冠词the,而far之后的比较级形容词则没有the.例:
She is by far the best of the students in class.
她是班里最好的学生。
She is far better than the other students.
她比其他学生更优秀。
The other boy,who was two years older and by far bigger than he,had by far the worst of the assault.
—Thackeray
此外,far可以与too及原级形容词连用,义为“太/过于”,而by far则不可。例:
It is far too dangerous to go out in a storm.
暴风中外出是太过危险。
He is far too busy to deal with trifles.
他太忙碌,无暇处理琐碎事情。
在下列短语中,请注意far的词序和搭配:
far better;better by far;by far the better;by far the best;far and away the best(此语语气最强,一般作口头语用)