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实用英语语法:学习定语从句的几个误区1

时间:2024-07-16 22:49:25 来源:网络 作者:mrcsb 人气:
【导读】:一、误认为关系代词whose只用于修饰人whose用作疑问代词时,主要用于指人;但用作关系代词时,它既可指人也可指物。如:It was an island, whose name I have forgotten. 它是一座...

一、误认为关系代词whose只用于修饰人

whose用作疑问代词时,主要用于指人;但用作关系代词时,它既可指人也可指物。如:

It was an island, whose name I have forgotten. 它是一座岛,名字我忘了。

The factory, whose workers are all women, is closed during the holidays. 这家工厂工人都是妇女,在假期中工厂关门了。

二、混淆定语从句与并列句

请看下面两题:

1. He has two children, and both of _________ are abroad.

A. them B. which C. whom D. who

2. He has two children, both of _________ are abroad.

A. them B. which C. whom D. who

第1题选A,第2题选C。由于第1题中用了并列连词and,从而使整个句子为并列句,and后应是一个独立的简单句,所以选A不选C;第2题没有并列连词and,both of whom are abroad为非限制性定语从句。另外,请比较下面一题:

He has two children, both of _________ being abroad.

A. them B. which C. whom D. who

此题答案为A,其中的both of them being abroad为独立主格结构,用作状语。

请再看一组类似的例子:

1. He wrote a lot of novels, many of _________ translated into foreign languages.

A. it B. them C. which D. that

2. He wrote a lot of novels, many of _________ were translated into foreign languages.

A. it B. them C. which D. that

第1应选B,而不能选C,是因为句中的 translated 是过去分词(非谓语动词),若选C,则该从句无谓语;第2应选C,因为句中有谓语 were translated。比较下面一例:

He wrote a lot of novels, and many of _________ were translated into foreign languages.

A. it B. them C. which D. that

此题与上面的第2题不同,两句间多了一个并列连词and,说明这是一个并列句,故应选B,则不能选C。

三、混淆关系代词与关系副词

有的同学一看到先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的名词,就认为一定要用关系副词,其实也不一定。在此情况下,还要看关系词在定语从句中是用作什么成分,若是用作状语,则用关系副词,若不是用作状语(如用作主语、宾语等)则不能用关系副词,而用关系代词。比较:

This is the factory where I want to work. 这就是我想工作的工厂。(work为不及物动词where在从句中用作状语)

This is the factory that I want to visit. 这就是我想参观的工厂。(visit为及物动词,that用作visit的宾语)

The reason why he can’t come is that he is ill. 他没来的是因为他病了。(come为不及物动词,why在定语从句中用作状语)

The reason that he put forth is very important. 他提出的理由很重要。(put forth为及物动词,that在定语从句中用作其宾语)

文章标签:
    英语语法,词汇指导,英语学习,英语,宾语
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