省略句错误
省略是指在不影响句子意思明了、清楚的前提下，将句子中的某些成分省略掉，从而使所表达的内容更加紧凑和简洁。有时命题人将省略引入考试，或考查考生对省略句的理解，或以省略为干扰，考查其他相关知识点，等等，从而出现了不少所谓的“陷阱题”。同学们，你能正确理解这些省略句吗？你能将这些省略补充完整以助于分析吗？请看实例：
◇She’s too thin. She _________ gain some weight but she _________ too little.
A. would, ateB. will, eats C. would, eats D. will, ate
你知道此题的最佳答案吗？你知道此题涉及什么样的省略吗？你会分析此题的省略与选择最佳答案的关系吗？请参见本节后面有关例题。
◇He is a man of few words, and seldom speaks until _________ to.
A. spoken B. speaking C. speak D. be spoken
【分析】此题答案选A还是B，或是选C还是D？此题也涉及省略，你会补充完整吗？请看本节有关例题。
◇“I love you more than her, my dear.” “You mean more than _________love her or more thanshe loves _________?”
A. you, meB. she, you C. I, meD. I, you
【分析】此题到底讲的是谁更爱谁？填空句有何省略？怎样补充完整？如何推出最佳答案？请看本节有关例题。
◇If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If _________, _________.
A. not, notB. no, noC. not, no D. no, not
是 no 还是 not，是 not 还是 no？要想选对，当然应知道如何将补充完整，你会吗？请看本节有关例题。
1. I want to improve my English, but I don’t know _________. What can you suggest?
A. when B. how C. why D. where
【分析】此题应选 B，其余三项均有可能误选，其实此句为省略句，补完整应为 … but I don’tknow how to improve my English. 请看以下类似试题：
(1) I think the door is locked, but I’d better go and make sure it _________.
A. does B. has C. was D. is
答案选D，为 …and make sure it is locked. 之省略。
(2) Dr Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge. I can’t remember _________.
A. whereB. thereC. whichD. that
答案选C，为I can’t remember which city he comes from. 之省略。
(3) Some of the answers were correct, but I don’t remember _________.
A. whereB. whatC. whichD. that
答案选C，I don’t remember which 后省略了 ones (were correct)。
(3) He didn’t sell half as many computers as he thought he _________.
A. hadB. wasC. wouldD. sold
答案选C，为He didn’t sell half as many computers as he thought he would sell. 之省略。
(4) I touched the door to see if the paint was still wet, and it _________.
A. did B. wasC. hadD. might
答案选B，为…and it was wet. 之省略。
2. “What were you trying to prove to the police?” “_________ I was last night.”
A. ThatB. WhenC. Where D. What
【分析】此题应选 C，其余三项均有可能误选，答句为省略句，其完整形式为 I was trying toprove to the police where I was last night. 。请看以下类似试题：
(1) “What made her so happy?” “_________ her son passed the college entrance examinations.”
A. That B. 不填C. Since D. For
【分析】此题选A，为That her son passed the college entrance examinations made her so happy. 之省略。
(2) “What made you so upset?” “_________ my wallet.”
A. Lost B. LosingC. Having lost D. Being lost
【分析】此题选B，为 Losing my wallet made me so upset. 之省略。
(3) “What did she tell you?” “_________ she would be late”
A. That B. When C. WhereD. Whether
【分析】此题选A，为 She told me that would be late. 之省略。
(4) “What did he ask you?” “_________ I would be late.”
A. That B. When C. WhereD. Whether
【分析】此题选D，为 He asked me whether I would be late. 之省略。
3. If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If _________, _________.
A. not, not B. no, noC. not, noD. no, not
【分析】此题应选A。If not, not. 为 If the weather is NOT fine, we will NOT go. 全句意为“如果天气好, 我们就去；如果天气不好，我们就不去”。该句的特点是：后句与前句的用词和句式完全相同, 只是前句为肯定，后句为否定，为了简洁起见, 于是将后句与前句相同部分省略，只保留否定词 not。又如：
If it is cheap, I’ll buy it. If not, not. 如果这东西便宜，我就买；如果不便宜，我就不买。
If you study hard, you’ll succeed. If not, not. 你若努力，你就会成功；你若不努力，你就不会成功。
If you start at once, you’ll catch the train. If not, not. 你若马上动身，你就会赶上火车；你若不马上动身，你就赶不上火车了。
请再看以下例子(只保留否定词not)。如：
“Can you repair it yourself?” “I am afraid not.” “你自己会修吗?”“恐怕不行。”(=I am afraid I can’trepair it myself.)
“Did you know anything about it?” “Not until you told me.” “这事你以前知道吗?”“你告诉我才知道。”(=I didn’t know anything about it until you told me.)
“Will it rain today?” “I hope not.” “今天会下雨吗?”“希望不会。”(=I hope it will not rain today.)
4. “She’s not a dancing teacher, is she?” “_________.”
A. Yes, and she isn’t B. Yes, but she was
C. No, but she isn’tD. No, but she was
【分析】此题最佳答案为D，可视为 No, she isn’t. But she was a dancing teacher. 之省略，即其意为“她现在不是舞蹈教师，但她过去是”。此题也可以是 No, but she used to be.
5. She’s too thin. She _________ gain some weight but she _________ too little.
A. would, ateB. will, eatsC. would, eatsD. will, ate
【分析】此题有些难度，许多同学不知如何分析。我们先根据题目所提供的选项将句意大致勾出来：她太瘦了。她会增加体重的，但她吃得太少了。根据句首 She’s too thin 这一所给信息可知，“她瘦”应是客观事实。按照一般的常识，“吃得少”就会引致“瘦”，“吃得多”就会导致“胖”，由于根据句首的信息，“她瘦”是客观事实，所以她“吃得少”也应是事实，所以第二空应填 eats(即用一般现在时表示客观事实)。根据上面的分析：“她瘦”和“她吃得少”均为客观事实，那么“她体重会增加”就应是假设(注意句中的转折连词 but)，所以第一空应填 would，其实，此句可理解其后省略了一个条件状语 if she ate more (如果她多吃一点的话)。此题最佳答案选C。
