1. 使役动词或感官动词后的不定式何时带to

He had often made his little sister ______, but today he wasmade ______ by his little sister.

A. cry, to cryB. crying, cryingC. cry, cryD. to cry, cry

此题应选 A。一般说来, 在“感官动词”(如 see, hear,

watch, feel, notice, look at, listen to等)以及某些“使役

动词”(如make等)之后的复合宾语中, 不定式是不能带to的, 但若是变为相应的被动语态, 则应加上这个to：

1. John was made ____ the truck for a week as a

punishment.

A. to washB. washingC. washD. to be washed

2. Paul doesn’t have to be made ____. He always

works hard.

A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning

3. He not only made the workers _____ long hoursbut he was also seen ____ them.

A. work, beatB. to work, to beat

C. work, to beatD. to work, beat

4. a. He often listened to others ______.

b. He was often listened to _____ in this room.

A. sing, to singB. to sing, sing

C. sing, singD. to sing, to sing

答案：1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A

2. 哪些动词后要接动名词而不接不定式作宾语

I would appreciate ______ back this afternoon.

A. you to call B. you callC. your calling D. you’re calling

此题应选 C。因为动词appreciate(感激)之后通常接动名词作宾语。类似地，以下动词通常也只用动名词作宾语：

appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 can’t help 禁不住

consider 考虑 dislike 厌恶enjoy 喜爱

excuse 原谅 finish 完成 give up 放弃

imagine 想象keep 保持mind 介意

miss 错过practise 练习put off 推迟

risk 冒险stop 停止 suggest 建议

forbid 禁止advise 建议allow 允许

permit 允许 等等

I couldn’t help laughing when we heard the news. 听到这个消息我禁不住笑了起来。

I can’t imagine doing work with them. 我无法想象与他们一起工作。

He practises playing the piano every day. 他每天练习弹钢琴。

Would you mind opening the window? 打开窗户你介意吗?

The squirrel was lucky that it just missed beingcaught. 这只小松鼠很幸运, 没有被抓住。

He advised selling the old car. 他建议卖掉这部旧汽车。

3. 哪些动词后要接不定式而不接动名词作宾语

We expected ______ but we didn’t manage ______ the tickets.

A. to go, to get B. going, gettingC. to go, getting D. going, to get

此题应选A, 因为动词 expect, manage之后接动词作宾语时，通常要用不定式而不用动名词。类似地以下动词通常也只能以不定式作宾语：

agree 同意 ask 要求choose 决定

decide 决定expect 期待hope 希望

manage 设法得以 prepare 准备offer 主动提出

pretend 假装promise 答应refuse 拒绝

wish 希望want 想要等等

1. She pretended _____ me when I passed by.

A. not to seeB. not seeing

C. to not seeD. having not seen

2. We agreed _____ here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.

A. having metB. meeting

C. to meet D. to have met

3. He offered _____ us the money, so we decided_____ a computer.

A. to lend, to buy B. lending, buying

C. to lend, buyingD. lending, to buy

4. He chose _____ at home because he had a cold.

A. staying B. to stay

C. having stayedD. to having stayed

答案：1. A 2. C 3. A 4. B

4. like, love等动词后接不定式还是动名词

Little Jim should love ______ to the theatre this evening.

A. to be takenB. to takeC. being taken D. taking

此题应选 A。因为从语法上看should love 之后只能接不定式, 所以答案只能在A, B中选择；又因为从句意上看应该用被动式, 所以只能选A。

在英语中, 有些动词其后接动词作宾语时, 可用不定式也可用动名词, 且含义大致相同。这类动词主要有：like, love, begin, start, hate, prefer, continue, intend, can’t bear(也有人认为用不定式多指特定动作, 用动名词多指经常性动作, 但总的说来, 在现代英语中这两类结构区别不大)：

He like watching [to watch] TV. 他喜欢看电视。

I prefer living [to live] here. 我喜欢住在这儿。

但是以下两点须注意：

1. 当like, love与would, should连用时, 其后只用不定式而不用动名词(见本题)。

若表示“本来想要”这样的意思, 后接不定式的完成式：

I’d love to have gone to the party yesterday but

I had to work extra hours to finish a report. 昨天我本想去参加晚会的, 但我要加班写一个报告。

2. 当begin, start 等动词本身为现在分词时或当其后接表示心理状态的动词时, 其后的动词通常用不定式：

I was beginning (starting) to cook supper. 我正要开始煮晚饭。

He began to like poetry when he was a boy. 他在童年时代就开始喜欢诗。