1. 学习强调句要注意哪些

Was it in this palace ______ the emperor died?

A. that B. in which C. in whereD. which

此题应选A。这是一个强调句型。强调句的基本结构为：

It is [was]＋被强调部分＋that＋其它部分

He bought the book in this shop yesterday.

→It was he that bought the book in this shopyesterday. (强调主语he)

→It was the book that he bought in this shopyesterday. (强调宾语the book)

→It was in this shop that he bought the bookyesterday. (强调地点状语in this shop)

另外注意以下两点：

1. 当被强调部分指人时, 可以用who代that；但是当被强调部分指物时通常不宜用which来代that(尽管有人用which, 但很不常见, 考试时应避免), 另外当被强调部分为时间或地点状语时, 一般也不宜用when / where代that(尤其是当这些状语为介词短语时)。

2. 被强调的成分除了是名词、代词、介词短语等之外, 也可以是从句(但通常不能是由 since, as引导的原因状语从句或由although引导的让步状语从句)：

It was because he loved my money that he marriedme. 他是因为爱我的钱才同我结了婚。

It was when he was about to go to bed that thetelephone rang. 电话铃响时, 他刚好要上床睡觉。

2. 强调句的特殊疑问形式

Who was ______ that stole the bike?

A. it B. that C. he D. this

此题应选A。这是强调句的特殊疑问句形式, 做这类题考生最容易出错的在于不能识别这是强调句。比较：

a. It was Mary that said that. (对Mary提问)

→ Who was it that said that?

b. It was in 1949 that he joined the Party. (对 in1949 提问)

→ When was it that he joined the Party?

请做以下各题：

1. Who was it ______ put so many large stones onthe road?

A. thisB. thatC. heD. she

2. What was it _____ he lost on the bus the daybefore yesterday?

A. thisB. thatC. whatD. when

3. When was _____ that the general manager leftfor Japan?

A. heB. itC. thatD. since

4. Why was _____ that the old woman was sent toprison?

A. heB. itC. thatD. because

5. What a silly mistake it is _____ you’ve made!

A. itB. this C. thatD. which

答案：1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. C

3. 这不是强调句吗

It might have been John ______ bought a new book for Mary yesterday.

A. whatB. sinceC. that D. then

此题应选 C。此题的难点在于考生看不出这是一个强调句型, 因为主句的谓语动词be采用了mighthave been这一复杂形式。此句若改为非强调句, 则可以是：

John might have bought a new book for Maryyesterday. 约翰昨天可能给玛丽买了一本新书。

将此句改为强调句(强调主语), 则可以有两种形式：

a. It is John that might have bought a new book

for Mary yesterday.

b. It might have been John that bought a new book

for Mary yesterday.

又如：

It must be a girl that wrote the letter. 写这封信的一定是个女孩。

It might be yesterday that he left for Beijing. 他可能是昨天去北京的。

Can it be Jim that has stolen the money? 偷钱的会是吉姆吗?

It may be next week that he leaves for Paris. 他可能是下个星期去巴黎。

It might have been her boyfriend that bought so nice a handbag for her. 给她买那样好看一个手提 包的可能是她的男朋友。

4. 你会将not...until用于强调句型吗

It was not ______ he took off his dark glasses ______ I realized he was a famous singer.

A. when, that B. until, thatC. until, whenD. when, then

此题选B。考察not...until的强调结构, 其基本句型为：

It is (was) not until(时间状语)that(不用否定)

他妻子走了之后他才来。

正：He didn’t come until his wife left.

正：It was not until his wife left that he came.

直到雨停他们才出发。

正：They didn’t start until the rain stopped.

正：It was not until the rain stopped that they started.

请做以下各题：

1. It was not until midnight ______ the noise ofthe street stopped.

A. thatB. this C. sinceD. at which

2. It was not ___1920 ___ regular radio broadcastbegan.

A. for, thatB. until, that

C. for, when D. until, when

3. It was not _____ you had explained how _____ Imanaged to do it.

A. for, thatB. until, that

C. for, when D. until, when

答案：1. A 2. B 3. B

5. It is...that通常不能强调哪些成分

It was a teacher that she ______.

A. wasB. seemedC. looked D. married

此题应选D。从句意上看似乎4个选项都行, 其实这里只能填D。因为填A, B, C 中的任意一个选项, 都会导致句中的 a teacher成为表语, 然而按照强调句句法规则, It is...that这一强调句型是不能强调表语的。一般说来, 以下成分不能用于强调句中的被强调部分：

1. 表语：

她很美。

正：She is beautiful.

误：It is beautiful she is.

他是医生。

正：He is a doctor.

误：It is a doctor that he is.

但是宾语补足语却可以用作被强调部分：

他们选他担任主席。

正：They elected him chairman.

正：It was chairman that they elected him.

2. since, as原因状语从句(但because从句却可以)：

他不能来是因为他病了。

正：It is because he is ill that he can’t come.

误：It is since[as] he’s ill that he can’t come.

3. although引导的让步状语从句：

虽然累了, 但他还是去了。

正：He went although he was tired.

误：It was although he was tired that he went.

6. 这是强调句吗

It was 9 o’clock ______ he came back last night.

A. that B. when C. since D. this

此题应选 B。容易误选A, 误认为这是强调句型。假若这里填that, 构成强调句型, 那么被强调的 9 o’clock 是什么成分呢(注意它不能作状语)?但是若在 9 o’clock 前加一个介词(at, after, before等), 则可以填that构成强调句。

试比较：

It was at ten o’clock that he came back. 他回来时是10点钟。

It was after ten o’clock that he came back. 他是在10点过后回来的。

It was before ten o’clock that he came back. 他是在10点前回来的。

以上分析告诉我们, 上题填that不对(除非 9 o’clock前有介词)。那么填 when 又作何解释呢? 本题填when, 全句构成主从复合句, 其中的when引导时间状语从句(意为“当……的时候”), 全句意为：当他回来时, 时间是晚上9点。

再请比较：

1. a. It is autumn when leaves fall. 当树叶落的时 候就是秋天了。

b. It is in autumn that leaves fall. 树在秋天落 叶。

2. a. It was lunchtime when he called. 当他来访时, 已是吃中饭的时候。

b. It was at lunchtime that he called. 他是在吃 中饭的时候来访的。